پچ کورد هافبک وسط تیم شبکه
پچ کورد هافبک وسط تیم شبکه
در یک تیم فوتبال هر بازیکن وظیفهای خاص را بر عهده دارد که اما اگر هافبک وسط تیم نتواند اتصال میان خط دفاعی و خط حمله را برقرار کند، کمیت تیم لنگ میزند و در انتهای لیگ مجبور میشود که چهارمین قهرمانی متوالی تیم رقیبش را تماشا کند. در یک شبکه، پچ کورد (Patch Cord) نقش هافبک وسط را ایفا میکند و به منظور اتصال اجزای درون یک شبکه به کار میرود. پچ کوردها علاوه بر کاربرد در شبکه، در انتقال صدا و تصویر نیز مورد استفاده قرار میگیرند اما ما در این مقاله به بررسی پچ کورد شبکه خواهیم پرداخت.
پچ کورد شبکه چیست
در استودیوهای رادیو از اصطلاح پچ کردن برای اتصال موقتی تجهیزات یدکی استفاده میشد که به تدریج کاربرد این اصطلاح از عرصۀ انتقال صدا و تصویر به عرصه شبکه نیز کشیده شد. پچ کورد شبکه کابلی الکتریکی یا نوری است که اتصال موقت به دستگاهی دیگر را به منظور هدایت و انتقال سیگنال برقرار میکند. پچ کوردها رنگهای مختلفی دارند تا به آسانی شناسایی شوند. طول پچ کوردها معمولاً بین ۳۰ سانتیمتر تا ۱۰ متر است. پچ کورد کابلهای مختلفی نظیر کابل کانکتور کوچک تلفن، کابل هدفون، کابل میکروفون، کابل کانکتور XLR و کابل کانکتور RCA را شامل میشود اما با وجود این، اصطلاح پچ کورد غالباً به منظور اشاره به کابلهای رابط کوتاه در اتصال موقت مورد استفاده قرار میگیرد.
تفاوت پچکورد با کابل شبکه
کابل پچ دارای کانکتور در دو انتهای خود است و فقط به بخش خاصی از کابلةای اترنت اطلاق میشود اما کابل شبکه به انواع کابل جهت برقراری ارتباط از طریق انتقال داده گفته میشود و کاربردی روزمرهتر دارد.
انواع پچ کورد
1- پچ کورد مسی
پچ کوردها به منظور دستیابی به انعطاف بیشتر به صورت جفت رشتههای به هم تابید شده تولید میشوند و با کابلهای مفتولی مسی که به صورت معمول در کابلکشیها مورد استفاده قرار میگیرند تفاوت دارند. به علت نوع ساختار رشتهای، در پچ کوردها تضعیف سیگنال بیشتری نسبت به کابلهای مفتولی وجود دارد و به منظور رفع این نقص، آنها را کوتاهتر میسازند.
2- پچ کورد CAT6 و پچ کورد CAT6a
پچ کورد CAT6 با سرعت 10 گیگابیت در ثانیه و فرکانس 250 مگاهرتز میتواند اطلاعات را منتقل کند و این امر آن را به انتخابی مناسب برای شبکههای خانگی بدل میکند. در پچ کورد CAT6a، مقدار فرکانس قابل پشتیبانی به 500 مگاهرتز افزایش یافته است.
3- پچ کورد فیبر نوری
پچ کورد فیبر نوری، همان کابلهای معمول فیبر نوری هستند که در دو انتهای آنها کانکتورهایی به منظور اتصال تجهیزات شبکه تعبیه شدهاند. قیمت پچ کورد فیبر نوری به نسبت پچ کوردهای مسی بیشتر است.
ساختار پچ کوردها
1- سایز مس پچ کوردها
کابل شبکه UTP به کار رفته در کابلکشی نمیبایست از از 22AWG ضخیمتر و از 24AWG نازکتر باشد. این استاندارد در بازبینی ANSI TIA/EIA 568 در سال 2009 هم دست نخورده باقی مانده است. با توجه به استاندارد AWG، هر چه عدد AWG کمتر باشد کابل ضخیمتر و کیفیت آن به دلیل استفادۀ بیشتر از مس، بهتر خواهد شد.
2- روکش پچ کوردها
روکش خارجی کابلها معمولاً از جنس PVC یا LSZH هستند ولی روکش زوجهای به هم تابیدهشده PE است.
3- استاندارد پچ کوردها
به منظور بررسی عملکرد پچکوردها استانداردهای ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A امریکایی و ISO 11801 اروپایی مورد استفاده قرار میگیرندکه در هر دوی آنها، به صورت مشروح دربارۀ چگونگی تست توضیح داده شده است اما با هدف تأمین راحتی، دستگاههای تست شرکت FLUKE تنها با فشار دادن یک کلید همۀ موارد تست را با ماژول مخصوص پچکورد انجام میدهند گزارش کامل را بر اساس استانداردهای ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A و ISO 11801 ارائه میدهند.
سخن پایانی
در این مقاله سعی کردیم تا شما را با مفهوم پچ کورد، ویژگیها و کاربردهای آن آشنا سازیم تا اگر نیاز داشتید که یکی از آنها را بخرید، آن را با کابل شبکه اشتباه نگیرید.
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