اینترنت و شبکهفناوری

آشنایی کامل با شبکه اترنت یا Ethernet

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اترنت

آشنایی کامل با شبکه اترنت یا Ethernet

شاید تاکنون بارها نام شبکه اترنت را شنیده باشید، برخی افراد تفاوت Ethernet و Enternet را نمی دانند، در عین حال ممکن است روزانه بارها و بارها نیز از هردوی آنها استفاده کرده باشند. در این بخش به طور کامل با این شبکه و کاربردهای آن آشنا خواهیم شد. با طیف نیوز همراه باشید… .

تعریف اترنت

Ethernet یک پروتکل ارتباطی استاندارد است که در نرم افزار ها و سخت افزار ها قرار داده شده است و در ساخت شبکه های محلی استفاده می شود. شبکه محلی نیز از اتصال چند کامپیوتر به هم ایجاد شده و داده ها را به وسیله کابل ها و سیم ها انتقال داده و به اشتراک می گذارد. اوایل سرعت انتقال اطلاعات با شبکه‌ اترنت چندان بالا نبود اما رفته رفته با پیشرفت تکنولوژی این تبادلات نیز سرعت بیشتری یافتند. اغلب کامپیوتری های رومیزی و یا لپتاپها دارای کارت اترنت یکپارچه و آماده اتصال به شبکه اترنت هستند.

راه اندازی شبکه Ethernet نیازمند چه مواردی است؟

Ethernet

کارت شبکه کارت رابط: ethernet می تواند تمام دستگاه های الکترونیکی رابه شبکه خود وصل کند اما به شرطی که دارای یک دستگاه متصل شونده آداپتور اترنت یا همان کارت شبکه باشد.
در مادربرد کامپیوتر ها نیز یا جدای از آنها نیز کارت رابط شبکه نصب می شود.

روتر: روتر ها دروازه های اتصال دیوایس های مختلف هستند، سوییچ و هابی نیز نقطه اتصال بین دستگاه های شبکه هستند. کابل Ethernet به سوییچ متصل می شود، نتیجه این اتصال نحوه عملکرد متفاوت با ترافیک شبکه می باشد.

اتصالات: شبکه اترنت به طور معمول به وسیله کابل های فیبر نوری عمل می کند، فیبر نوری می تواند دیوایس ها را تا فواصل ده کیلومتری به هم وصل می کند.

کنترلر ها: جهت مدیریت شبکه ایترنت سیستم عامل های پیشرفته ای مانند مک، لینوکس و ویندوس مناسب هستند. ولی به هر حال نرم افزارهایی هستند که قابلیت های بیشتری را در اختیار می گذارند و کاربر کنترل بیشتری نیز به وسیله آنها خواهد داشت.

نحوه عملکرد شبکه ethernet

شبکه اترنت

وقتی یک دیوایس تحت شبکه بخواهد اطلاعاتی را ارسال کند از یک حامل کمک می گیرد که سیم اصلی اتصال همه دیوایس ها می باشد. چنانچه حامل آزاد باشد به این معنی می باشد که هیچ داده ای توسط هیچ کاربری ارسال نشده است، پس از آن بسته داده در شبکه ارسال می شود د ودستگاه های دیگر بسته را بررسی می کنند تا بررسی کنند که خود گیرنده آن هستند یا خیر. گیرنده به محض مشخص شدن، بسته را اخذ می کند.
ناگفته نماند که چنانچه در این مسیر ارسال اطلاعات قبلا بسته ای وجود داشته باشد، دستگاه ارسال کننده مدتی حدود چند هزار ثانیه منتظر می ماند و یکبار دیگر بسته را ارسال می کند تا موفق شود به گیرنده برساند.

شبکه اترنت وایرلس

شبکه های ethernet ممکن است بی سیم نیز باشند. در این صورت به جای استفاده از کابل ها به نیاز به کارت رابطه شبکه خواهند داشت. این رابط ها متشکل از امواج رادیویی برای ایجاد ارتباطات دوطرفه با سوییچ یا هاب وایرلس هستند. شبکه های بیسیم منعطف تر هستند اما از لحاظ ایمنی نیاز به مراقبت بیشتری نسبت به شبکه اترنت با سیم هستند.

انواع شبکه های Ethernet

اترنت سریع

اترنت سریع شبکه‌ای است که داده ها را با سرعت صد مگا بایت بر ثانیه با کمک کابل دوتایی پیچ خورده و یا کابل فیبر نوری جا به جا می کند.

اترنت گیگابایت

شبکه‌ای است که داده ها را با سرعت هزار مگابایت بر ثانیه با کمک کابل جفت شده و یا کابل فیبر نوری جا به جا می کند و طرفداران زیادی نیز دارد. نسل جدیدتر نیز اترنت گیگابایت 10 است که داده ها را با سرعت ده گیگابایت بر ثانیه ارسال کرده و با کابل جفت شده یا فیبر نوری این داده ها منتقل می شوند.

اترنت سوییچ

دستگاه های شبکه در یک شبکه لن به تجهیزات شبکه ای مثل سوییچ یا هاب احتیاج دارند. برای استفاده از سوییچ شبکه به جای استفاده از کابل متقاطع از کابل معمولی شبکه استفاده می شود. کابل متقاطی کابلی است که در انتها دارای یک جفت انتقال و در انتهای دیگر آن نیز یک جفت گیرنده قرار گرفته است. اترنت سوییچ اطلاعات را از یک دیوایس به دیوایسی دیگر در همان شبکه یکسان انتقال می دهد بدون تأثیر گذاری بر شبکه ای دیگر، به همین علت نیز عملکرد کارآمدتری دارد. سرعت های انتقال اطلاعات در آن نیز به طور معمول ده مگابیت بر ثانیه تا صد مگابیت بر ثانیه و هزار مگابیت بر ثانیه تا ده گیگابیت بر ثانیه می باشد.

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‫328 نظرها

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  328. Corticosteroids can also alter https://rennerusa.com/pages/clenbuterol_schema_1.html results of other drugs. Nonetheless, the probability of interactions taking place with steroid sprays or injections is low. All corticosteroid sorts can put you at danger of creating fungal infections.
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